The aim of this paper is to find estimates of the Hausdorff distance between the spectra of two nonselfadjoint operators. The operators considered are assumed to have their imaginary parts in some normed ideal of compact operators. In the case of the classical Schatten ideals the estimates are given explicitly.
Abstract We study some problems concerning derivatives and indefinite integrals of elements of wide classes of functions (including almost periodic, recurrent, almost automorphic and Eberlein almost periodic functions). We introduce a notion of a spectrum of a function with respect to a class of functions. This notion enables us to investigate almost periodicity of the bounded solutions of certain functional equations.
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A notion of weak invertibility in a unital associative algebra A and a corresponding notion of strong spectrum of an element of A is defined. It is shown that many relationships between the Jacobson radical, the group of invertibles and the spectrum have analogues relating the strong radical, the set of weakly invertible elements and the strong spectrum. The nonunital case is also discussed. A characterization is given of all (submultiplicative) norms on A in which every modular maximal ideal M ⊆ A is closed.
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Let T be a representation of a suitable abelian semigroup S by isometries on a Banach space. We study the spectral conditions which will imply that T(s) is invertible for each s in S. On the way we analyse the relationship between the spectrum of T, Sp(T,S), and its unitary spectrum $Sp_{u}(T,S)$. For $S = ℤ^{n}_{+}$ or $ℝ^{n}_{+}$, we establish connections with polynomial convexity.
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We define a class of $ℤ^d$-actions, d ≥ 2, called product $ℤ^d$-actions. For every such action we find a connection between its spectrum and the spectra of automorphisms generating this action. We prove that for any subset A of the positive integers such that 1 ∈ A there exists a weakly mixing $ℤ^d$-action, d≥2, having A as the set of essential values of its multiplicity function. We also apply this class to construct an ergodic $ℤ^d$-action with Lebesgue component of multiplicity $2^d k$, where k is an arbitrary positive integer.
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We study some properties of the maximal ideal space of the bounded holomorphic functions in several variables. Two examples of bounded balanced domains are introduced, both having non-trivial maximal ideals.
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Let A be a closed linear operator in a Banach space E. In the study of the nth-order abstract Cauchy problem $u^{(n)}(t) = Au(t)$, t ∈ ℝ, one is led to considering the linear Volterra equation (AVE) $u(t) = p(t) + A ʃ_{0}^{t} a(t-s)u(s)ds$, t ∈ ℝ, where $a(·) ∈ L_{loc}^{1}(ℝ)$ and p(·) is a vector-valued polynomial of the form $p(t) = ∑_{j=0}^n 1/(j!) x_j t^j$ for some elements $x_j ∈ E$. We describe the spectral properties of the operator A through the existence of slowly growing solutions of the (AVE). The main tool is the notion of Carleman spectrum of a vector-valued function. Moreover, an extension of a theorem of Pólya in complex analysis is obtained and applied to the individual "Ax = 0" and "Tx = x" problem.
We consider a second order regular differential operator whose coefficients are nonselfadjoint bounded operators acting in a Hilbert space. An estimate for the resolvent and a bound for the spectrum are established. An operator is said to be stable if its spectrum lies in the right half-plane. By the obtained bounds, stability and instability conditions are established.
The notion of a weakly associative lattice group is a generalization of that of a lattice ordered group in which the identities of associativity of the lattice operations join and meet are replaced by the identities of weak associativity. In the paper, the spectral topologies on the sets of straightening ideals (and on some of their subsets) of abelian weakly associative lattice groups are introduced and studied.
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Let T be a self-adjoint tridiagonal operator in a Hilbert space H with the orthonormal basis {e n}n=1∞, σ(T) be the spectrum of T and Λ(T) be the set of all the limit points of eigenvalues of the truncated operator T N. We give sufficient conditions such that the spectrum of T is discrete and σ(T) = Λ(T) and we connect this problem with an old problem in analysis.
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Let ℬ be a Banach algebra of bounded linear operators on a Banach space X. If S is a closed operator in X such that (λ - S)^{-1} ∈ ℬ for some number λ, then S is affiliated with ℬ. The object of this paper is to study the spectral theory and Fredholm theory relative to ℬ of an operator which is affiliated with ℬ. Also, applications are given to semigroups of operators which are contained in ℬ.
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In this paperwe study both the spectra and the essential spectra ofweighted composition operators on Hardy spaces Hp(ⅅ), standard weighted Bergman spaces Apα(ⅅ) and weighted H∞1-type spaces when the symbols are of hyperbolic type
We estimate from below by geometric data the eigenvalues of the periodic Sturm-Liouville operator $-4{d^2}/{ds^2} + κ^2(s)$ with potential given by the curvature of a closed curve.
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Let A be a semisimple commutative regular tauberian Banach algebra with spectrum $Σ_A$. In this paper, we study the norm spectra of elements of $\overline{span} Σ_A$ and present some applications. In particular, we characterize the discreteness of $Σ_A$ in terms of norm spectra. The algebra A is said to have property (S) if, for all $φ ∈ \overline{\span} Σ_A \ {0}$, φ has a nonempty norm spectrum. For a locally compact group G, let $ℳ_2^{d}(Ĝ)$ denote the C*-algebra generated by left translation operators on $L^2(G)$ and $G_{d}$ denote the discrete group G. We prove that the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ has property (S) iff the canonical trace on $ℳ_2^{d}(Ĝ)$ is faithful iff $ℳ_2^{d} (Ĝ)≅ ℳ_2^{d} (Ĝ_{d})$. This provides an answer to the isomorphism problem of the two C*-algebras and generalizes the so-called "uniqueness theorem" on the group algebra $L^1(G)$ of a locally compact abelian group G. We also prove that $G_{d}$ is amenable iff G is amenable and the Figà-Talamanca-Herz algebra $A_p(G)$ has property (S) for all p.
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We study the dispersion relations and spectra of invariant Schrödinger operators on a graphyne structure (lithographite). In particular, description of different parts of the spectrum, band-gap structure, and Dirac points are provided.
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Let G and H be two graphs. The join G ∨ H is the graph obtained by joining every vertex of G with every vertex of H. The corona G ○ H is the graph obtained by taking one copy of G and |V (G)| copies of H and joining the i-th vertex of G to every vertex in the i-th copy of H. The neighborhood corona G★H is the graph obtained by taking one copy of G and |V (G)| copies of H and joining the neighbors of the i-th vertex of G to every vertex in the i-th copy of H. The edge corona G ◇ H is the graph obtained by taking one copy of G and |E(G)| copies of H and joining each terminal vertex of i-th edge of G to every vertex in the i-th copy of H. Let G1, G2, G3 and G4 be regular graphs with disjoint vertex sets. In this paper we compute the spectrum of (G1 ∨ G2) ∪ (G1 ★ G3), (G1 ∨ G2) ∪ (G2 ★ G3) ∪ (G1 ★ G4), (G1 ∨G2)∪(G1 ○G3), (G1 ∨G2)∪(G2 ○G3)∪(G1 ○G4), (G1 ∨G2)∪(G1 ◇G3), (G1 ∨ G2) ∪ (G2 ◇ G3) ∪ (G1 ◇ G4), (G1 ∨ G2) ∪ (G2 ○ G3) ∪ (G1 ★ G3), (G1 ∨ G2) ∪ (G2 ○ G3) ∪ (G1 ◇ G4) and (G1 ∨ G2) ∪ (G2 ★ G3) ∪ (G1 ◇ G4). As an application, we show that there exist some new pairs of equienergetic graphs on n vertices for all n ≥ 11.
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Let Ω= [a, b] × [c, d] and T 1, T 2 be partial integral operators in $$ C $$(Ω): (T 1 f)(x, y) = $$ \mathop \smallint \limits_a^b $$ k 1(x, s, y)f(s, y)ds, (T 2 f)(x, y) = $$ \mathop \smallint \limits_c^d $$ k 2(x, ts, y)f(t, y)dt where k 1 and k 2 are continuous functions on [a, b] × Ω and Ω × [c, d], respectively. In this paper, concepts of determinants and minors of operators E−τT 1, τ ∈ ℂ and E−τT 2, τ ∈ ℂ are introduced as continuous functions on [a, b] and [c, d], respectively. Here E is the identical operator in C(Ω). In addition, Theorems on the spectra of bounded operators T 1, T 2, and T = T 1 + T 2 are proved.
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