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EN
In 2016 year, in the referendum, the British decided to leave the European Union.. The purpose of the study is to determine the changes in the financial performance of the largest corporations listed on the Forbes Global 2000 list, whose headquarters is located in Great Britain in the years 2006–2018. Approximately ¾ of them are located in London, therefore a closer analysis of the financial situation of companies in London was made. In the years 2015–2018, the number of HQs dropped slightly in both Great Britain and London. Also at this time, financial results of companies deteriorated, however, the decreases were smaller in London than in companies located in the rest of the country. The global economic slowdown of 2007–2008 had a much greater impact on the number of companies and their financial results with headquarters in the UK and London. Despite a significant decrease in the number of headquarters in 2006–2018, they are much richer and more powerful than before the economic slowdown. It seems that companies operating on a global scale are less dependent on European markets, while more sensitive to economic crises on a global scale. Perhaps the slight decrease in financial results after the referendum was caused by the lack of faith among corporate managers that Brexit would, however, which could hinder doing business with other European Union countries.
PL
W 2016 roku w referendum Brytyjczycy zadecydowali o opuszczeniu Unii Europejskiej. Celem opracowania jest określenie zmian sytuacji finansowej największych korporacji notowanych na liście Forbes Global 2000, których siedziba zarządu znajduje się na terytorium Wielkiej Brytanii w latach 2006–2018. Około ¾ z nich zlokalizowanych jest w Londynie, wobec czego przeprowadzono również bliższą analizę sytuacji finansowej firm znajdujących się w Londynie. W latach 2015–2018 nieznacznie spadła liczba siedzib zarządów zarówno w całej Wielkiej Brytanii, jak i Londynie. Również w tym czasie pogorszyły się wyniki finansowe firm, jednakże spadki były mniejsze w Londynie, niż w firmach zlokalizowanych w pozostałej części kraju. Zdecydowanie większy wpływ na liczbę firm i ich wyniki finansowe z siedzibami zarządów w Wielkiej Brytanii i w Londynie miało kryzys ekonomiczny i gospodarczy z lat 2007–2008. Mimo znaczącego spadku liczby siedzib zarządów w latach 2006–2018 są one znacznie bogatsze i potężniejsze niż przed spowolnieniem gospodarczym. Firmy operujące w skali globalnej są mniej uzależnione od rynków europejskich, natomiast bardziej wrażliwe na załamania gospodarcze w skali globalnej. Nieznaczne spadki wyników finansowych po referendum spowodowane były przez brak wiary wśród zarządzających korporacjami, że jednak dojdzie do Brexitu, co mogłoby utrudnić prowadzenie biznesu z pozostałymi krajami Unii Europejskiej.
EN
This paper identifies the impact of socio-economic development on migrations in Poland. It analyses the influence the development exerts on population’s migrations within the country. In addition, counties were ranked by their socio-economic development on the basis of such criteria as: the average investment in enterprises in PLN per capita, the average number of newly registered business entities per 1,000 inhabitants, a percentage growth in the number of apartments in 2010 against 2005, a monthly gross salary against the national average salary 2005–2010 and the average unemployment rate, from 2005–2010. Averaged data for poviats (administrative region of the 2nd order) reported for 2005 to 2010 were used to eliminate any short-term fluctuations of the economic condition which could come as a result of large investment projects or bankruptcies of enterprises; these could have caused an abrupt rise in unemployment. In consequence, they could trigger a momentary swift in ratios, disfiguring the end result. Next, a typology of poviats followed based on their socio-economic advancement and here the results were confronted with the net population migration index calculated for the analysed period. The typologies closing the paper present the interdependencies of the socio-economic development and movement of people. It was proven that the socio-economic development and its advancement is a factor which influences migrations of population in Poland. A division between a more developed western part of the country and considerably less developed eastern part of the country is showing. Furthermore, the largest cities and their outskirts have the highest economic potential.
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EN
Housing conditions are considered an element reflecting the living standard of the population. In addition, it is also an important index illustrating advancement of suburbanisation processes. The article presents diversification of housing conditions in two selected metropolitan areas: Warsaw, Kraków and Potential Rzeszów Metropolitan Area. Two indexes are analysed in the paper: the number of persons per apartment and the average floor space of apartments, in two time periods:1995 and 2010. On the basis of the indexes, a typology of municipalities within the metropolitan areas was created with the housing conditions criterion. At the next stage, fluctuations in the population and in the number of apartments in the area were analysed as the element explaining the above-presented transformations.
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