A property of graphs is any class of graphs closed under isomorphism. Let 𝓟₁,𝓟₂,...,𝓟ₙ be properties of graphs. A graph G is (𝓟₁,𝓟₂,...,𝓟ₙ)-partitionable if the vertex set V(G) can be partitioned into n sets, {V₁,V₂,..., Vₙ}, such that for each i = 1,2,...,n, the graph $G[V_i] ∈ 𝓟_i$. We write 𝓟₁∘𝓟₂∘...∘𝓟ₙ for the property of all graphs which have a (𝓟₁,𝓟₂,...,𝓟ₙ)-partition. An additive induced-hereditary property 𝓡 is called reducible if there exist additive induced-hereditary properties 𝓟₁ and 𝓟₂ such that 𝓡 = 𝓟₁∘𝓟₂. Otherwise 𝓡 is called irreducible. An additive induced-hereditary property 𝓟 can be defined by its minimal forbidden induced subgraphs: those graphs which are not in 𝓟 but which satisfy that every proper induced subgraph is in 𝓟. We show that every reducible additive induced-hereditary property has infinitely many minimal forbidden induced subgraphs. This result is also seen to be true for reducible additive hereditary properties.
We consider the question of the range of the number of cycles possible in a 2-factor of a 2-connected claw-free graph with sufficiently high minimum degree. (By claw-free we mean the graph has no induced $K_{1,3}$.) In particular, we show that for such a graph G of order n ≥ 51 with δ(G) ≥ (n-2)/3, G contains a 2-factor with exactly k cycles, for 1 ≤ k ≤ (n-24)/3. We also show that this result is sharp in the sense that if we lower δ(G), we cannot obtain the full range of values for k.
3
Dostęp do pełnego tekstu na zewnętrznej witrynie WWW
Given graphs G and H, a vertex coloring c : V (G) →ℕ is an H-free coloring of G if no color class contains a subgraph isomorphic to H. The H-free chromatic number of G, χ (H,G), is the minimum number of colors in an H-free coloring of G. The H-free chromatic sum of G, ∑(H,G), is the minimum value achieved by summing the vertex colors of each H-free coloring of G. We provide a general bound for ∑(H,G), discuss the computational complexity of finding this parameter for different choices of H, and prove an exact formulas for some graphs G. For every integer k and for every graph H, we construct families of graphs, Gk with the property that k more colors than χ (H,G) are required to realize ∑(H,G) for H-free colorings. More complexity results and constructions of graphs requiring extra colors are given for planar and outerplanar graphs.
We investigate which switching classes do not contain a bipartite graph. Our final aim is a characterization by means of a set of critically non-bipartite graphs: they do not have a bipartite switch, but every induced proper subgraph does. In addition to the odd cycles, we list a number of exceptional cases and prove that these are indeed critically non-bipartite. Finally, we give a number of structural results towards proving the fact that we have indeed found them all. The search for critically non-bipartite graphs was done using software written in C and Scheme. We report on our experiences in coping with the combinatorial explosion.
In [2], Brousek characterizes all triples of graphs, G₁, G₂, G₃, with $G_i = K_{1,3}$ for some i = 1, 2, or 3, such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs contain a hamiltonian cycle. In [6], Faudree, Gould, Jacobson and Lesniak consider the problem of finding triples of graphs G₁, G₂, G₃, none of which is a $K_{1,s}$, s ≥ 3 such that G₁, G₂, G₃-free graphs of sufficiently large order contain a hamiltonian cycle. In this paper, a characterization will be given of all triples G₁, G₂, G₃ with none being $K_{1,3}$, such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs are hamiltonian. This result, together with the triples given by Brousek, completely characterize the forbidden triples G₁, G₂, G₃ such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs are hamiltonian.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.