In this paper, we define a new graph for a ring with unity by extending the definition of the usual 'zero-divisor graph'. For a ring R with unity, Γ₁(R) is defined to be the simple undirected graph having all non-zero elements of R as its vertices and two distinct vertices x,y are adjacent if and only if either xy=0 or yx=0 or x+y is a unit. We consider the conditions of connectedness and show that for a finite commutative ring R with unity, Γ₁(R) is connected if and only if R is not isomorphic to ℤ₃ or $ℤ₂^k$ (for any k ∈ ℕ-{1}\). Then we characterize the rings R for which Γ₁(R) realizes some well-known classes of graphs, viz., complete graphs, star graphs, paths (i.e., $P_n$), or cycles (i.e., $C_n$). We then look at different graph-theoretical properties of the graph Γ₁(F), where F is a finite field. We also find all possible Γ₁(R) graphs with at most 6 vertices.
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In this paper we give a term equivalence between the simple k-cyclic Post algebra of order p, L p,k, and the finite field F(p k) with constants F(p). By using Lagrange polynomials, we give an explicit procedure to obtain an interpretation Φ1 of the variety V(L p,k) generated by L p,k into the variety V(F(p k)) generated by F(p k) and an interpretation Φ2 of V(F(p k)) into V(L p,k) such that Φ2Φ1(B) = B for every B ε V(L p,k) and Φ1Φ2(R) = R for every R ε V(F(p k)).
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