Variance upper bounds for discrete α-unimodal distributions defined on a finite support are established. These bounds depend on the support and the unimodality index α. They increase as the unimodality index α increases. More information about the underlying distributions yields tighter upper bounds for the variance. A parameter-free Bernstein-type upper bound is derived for the probability that the sum S of n independent and identically distributed discrete α-unimodal random variables exceeds its mean E(S) by a positive value nt. The bound for P{S-nμ ≥ nt} depends on the range of the summands, the sample size n, the unimodality index α and the positive number t.
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In 1958 L. Fejes Tóth and J. Molnar proposed a conjecture about a lower bound for the thinnest covering of the plane by circles with arbitrary radii from a given interval of the reals. If only two kinds of radii can occur this conjecture was in essence proven by A. Florian in 1962, leaving the general case unanswered till now. The goal of this paper is to analytically describe the general case in such a way that the conjecture can easily be numerically verified and upper and lower limits for the asserted bound can be gained.
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