This paper presents a new approach to sensor placement based on diagnosability criteria. It is based on the study of structural matrices. Properties of structural matrices regarding detectability, discriminability and diagnosability are established in order to be used by sensor placement methods. The proposed approach manages any number of constraints modelled by linear or nonlinear equations and it does not require the design of analytical redundancy relations. Assuming that a constraint models a component and that the cost of the measurement of each variable is defined, a method determining sensor placements satisfying diagnosability specifications, where all the diagnosable, discriminable and detectable constraint sets are specified, is proposed. An application example dealing with a dynamical linear system is presented.
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In this paper we discuss two closely related problems arising in environmental monitoring. The first is the source localization problem linked to the question How can one find an unknown "contamination source"? The second is an associated sensor placement problem: Where should we place sensors that are capable of providing the necessary "adequate data" for that? Our approach is based on some concepts and ideas developed in mathematical control theory of partial differential equations.
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