We generalize the theory of positive diagonal scalings of real positive definite matrices to complex diagonal scalings of complex positive definite matrices. A matrix A is a diagonal scaling of a positive definite matrix M if there exists an invertible complex diagonal matrix D such that A = D*MD and where every row and every column of A sums to one. We look at some of the key properties of complex diagonal scalings and we conjecture that every n by n positive definite matrix has at most 2n−1 scalings and prove this conjecture for certain special classes of matrices.We also use the theory of complex diagonal matrix scalings to formulate a van der Waerden type question on the permanent function; we show that the solution of this question would have applications to finding certain maximally entangled quantum states.
Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
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