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Ramsey Properties of Random Graphs and Folkman Numbers

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For two graphs, G and F, and an integer r ≥ 2 we write G → (F)r if every r-coloring of the edges of G results in a monochromatic copy of F. In 1995, the first two authors established a threshold edge probability for the Ramsey property G(n, p) → (F)r, where G(n, p) is a random graph obtained by including each edge of the complete graph on n vertices, independently, with probability p. The original proof was based on the regularity lemma of Szemerédi and this led to tower-type dependencies between the involved parameters. Here, for r = 2, we provide a self-contained proof of a quantitative version of the Ramsey threshold theorem with only double exponential dependencies between the constants. As a corollary we obtain a double exponential upper bound on the 2-color Folkman numbers. By a different proof technique, a similar result was obtained independently by Conlon and Gowers.
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Chvátal's Condition is a sufficient condition for a spanning cycle in an n-vertex graph. The condition is that when the vertex degrees are d₁, ...,dₙ in nondecreasing order, i < n/2 implies that $d_i > i$ or $d_{n-i} ≥ n-i$. We prove that this condition cannot hold in both a graph and its complement, and we raise the problem of finding its asymptotic probability in the random graph with edge probability 1/2.
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The independent domination number of a random graph

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We prove a two-point concentration for the independent domination number of the random graph $G_{n,p}$ provided p²ln(n) ≥ 64ln((lnn)/p).
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