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Whereas the Dedekind-MacNeille completion D(P) of a poset P is the minimal lattice L such that every element of L is a join of elements of P, the minimal strict completion D(P)∗ is the minimal lattice L such that the poset of join-irreducible elements of L is isomorphic to P. (These two completions are the same if every element of P is join-irreducible). In this paper we study lattices which are minimal strict completions of finite orders. Such lattices are in one-to-one correspondence with finite posets. Among other results we show that, for every finite poset P, D(P)∗ is always generated by its doubly-irreducible elements. Furthermore, we characterize the posets P for which D(P)∗ is a lower semimodular lattice and, equivalently, a modular lattice.
EN
We describe here a special subdirect decomposition of algebras with modular congruence lattice. Such a decomposition (called a star-decomposition) is based on the properties of the congruence lattices of algebras. We consider four properties of lattices: atomic, atomless, locally uniform and anti-uniform. In effect, we describe a star-decomposition of a given algebra with modular congruence lattice into two or three parts associated to these properties.
EN
In the paper we investigate Birkhoff’s conditions (Bi) and (Bi*). We prove that a discrete lattice L satisfies the condition (Bi) (the condition (Bi*)) if and only if L is a 4-cell lattice not containing a cover-preserving sublattice isomorphic to the lattice S*7 (the lattice S7). As a corollary we obtain a well known result of J. Jakub´ık from [6]. Furthermore, lattices S7 and S*7 are considered as so-called partially cover-preserving sublattices of a given lattice L, S7 ≪ L and S7 ≪ L, in symbols. It is shown that an upper continuous lattice L satisfies (Bi*) if and only if L is a 4-cell lattice such that S7 ≪/ L. The final corollary is a generalization of Jakubík’s theorem for upper continuous and strongly atomic lattices. Keywords: Birkhoff’s conditions, semimodularity conditions, modular lattice, discrete lattices, upper continuous lattice, strongly atomic lattice, cover-preserving sublattice, cell, 4-cell lattice.  
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