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Pancyclism and small cycles in graphs

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We first show that if a graph G of order n contains a hamiltonian path connecting two nonadjacent vertices u and v such that d(u)+d(v) ≥ n, then G is pancyclic. By using this result, we prove that if G is hamiltonian with order n ≥ 20 and if G has two nonadjacent vertices u and v such that d(u)+d(v) ≥ n+z, where z = 0 when n is odd and z = 1 otherwise, then G contains a cycle of length m for each 3 ≤ m ≤ max (d_C(u,v)+1, [(n+19)/13]), $d_C(u,v)$ being the distance of u and v on a hamiltonian cycle of G.
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On Vertices Enforcing a Hamiltonian Cycle

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A nonempty vertex set X ⊆ V (G) of a hamiltonian graph G is called an H-force set of G if every X-cycle of G (i.e. a cycle of G containing all vertices of X) is hamiltonian. The H-force number h(G) of a graph G is defined to be the smallest cardinality of an H-force set of G. In the paper the study of this parameter is introduced and its value or a lower bound for outerplanar graphs, planar graphs, k-connected graphs and prisms over graphs is determined.
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In [1], Brousek characterizes all triples of connected graphs, G₁,G₂,G₃, with $G_i = K_{1,3}$ for some i = 1,2, or 3, such that all G₁G₂ G₃-free graphs contain a hamiltonian cycle. In [8], Faudree, Gould, Jacobson and Lesniak consider the problem of finding triples of graphs G₁,G₂,G₃, none of which is a $K_{1,s}$, s ≥ 3 such that G₁G₂G₃-free graphs of sufficiently large order contain a hamiltonian cycle. In [6], a characterization was given of all triples G₁,G₂,G₃ with none being $K_{1,3}$, such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs are hamiltonian. This result, together with the triples given by Brousek, completely characterize the forbidden triples G₁,G₂,G₃ such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs are hamiltonian. In this paper we consider the question of which triples (including $K_{1,s}$, s ≥ 3) of forbidden subgraphs potentially imply all sufficiently large graphs are hamiltonian. For s ≥ 4 we characterize these families.
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In [2], Brousek characterizes all triples of graphs, G₁, G₂, G₃, with $G_i = K_{1,3}$ for some i = 1, 2, or 3, such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs contain a hamiltonian cycle. In [6], Faudree, Gould, Jacobson and Lesniak consider the problem of finding triples of graphs G₁, G₂, G₃, none of which is a $K_{1,s}$, s ≥ 3 such that G₁, G₂, G₃-free graphs of sufficiently large order contain a hamiltonian cycle. In this paper, a characterization will be given of all triples G₁, G₂, G₃ with none being $K_{1,3}$, such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs are hamiltonian. This result, together with the triples given by Brousek, completely characterize the forbidden triples G₁, G₂, G₃ such that all G₁G₂G₃-free graphs are hamiltonian.
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Forbidden Pairs and (k,m)-Pancyclicity

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A graph G on n vertices is said to be (k, m)-pancyclic if every set of k vertices in G is contained in a cycle of length r for each r ∈ {m, m+1, . . . , n}. This property, which generalizes the notion of a vertex pancyclic graph, was defined by Faudree, Gould, Jacobson, and Lesniak in 2004. The notion of (k, m)-pancyclicity provides one way to measure the prevalence of cycles in a graph. We consider pairs of subgraphs that, when forbidden, guarantee hamiltonicity for 2-connected graphs on n ≥ 10 vertices. There are exactly ten such pairs. For each integer k ≥ 1 and each of eight such subgraph pairs {R, S}, we determine the smallest value m such that any 2-connected {R, S}-free graph on n ≥ 10 vertices is guaranteed to be (k,m)-pancyclic. Examples are provided that show the given values are best possible. Each such example we provide represents an infinite family of graphs.
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