Two construction functors: simple term with a variable and compound term with an operation and argument terms and schemes of term induction are introduced. The degree of construction as a number of used operation symbols is defined. Next, the term context is investigated. An x-context is a term which includes a variable x once only. The compound term is x-context iff the argument terms include an x-context once only. The context induction is shown and used many times. As a key concept, the context substitution is introduced. Finally, the translations and endomorphisms are expressed by context substitution.
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The Algebraic Yuzvinski Formula expresses the algebraic entropy of an endomorphism of a finitedimensional rational vector space as the Mahler measure of its characteristic polynomial. In a recent paper, we have proved this formula, independently fromits counterpart – the Yuzvinski Formula – for the topological entropy proved by Yuzvinski in 1968. In this paper we first compare the proof of the Algebraic Yuzvinski Formula with a proof of the Yuzvinski Formula given by Lind and Ward in 1988, underlying the common ideas and the differences in the main steps. Then we describe several known applications of the Algebraic Yuzvinski Formula, and some related open problems are discussed. Finally,we give a new and purely algebraic proof of the Algebraic Yuzvinski Formula for the intrinsic algebraic entropy.
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