This work proposes a SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) solution based on an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) in order to enable a robot to navigate along the environment using information from odometry and pre-existing lines on the floor. These lines are recognized by a Hough transform and are mapped into world measurements using a homography matrix. The prediction phase of the EKF is developed using an odometry model of the robot, and the updating makes use of the line parameters in Kalman equations without any intermediate stage for calculating the distance or the position. We show two experiments (indoor and outdoor) dealing with a real robot in order to validate the project.
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Visual simultaneous localisation and map-building systems which take advantage of some landmarks other than point-wise environment features are not frequently reported. In the following paper the method of using the operational map of robot surrounding, which is complemented with visible structured passive landmarks, is described. These landmarks are used to improve self-localisation accuracy of the robot camera and to reduce the size of the Kalman-filter state-vector with respect to the vector size involving point-wise environment features only. Structured landmarks reduce the drift of the camera pose estimate and improve the reliability of the map which is built on-line. Results of simulation experiments are described, proving advantages of such an approach.
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