Define n × n tridiagonal matrices T and S as follows: All entries of the main diagonal of T are zero and those of the first super- and subdiagonal are one. The entries of the main diagonal of S are two except the (n, n) entry one, and those of the first super- and subdiagonal are minus one. Then, denoting by λ(·) the largest eigenvalue, [...] Using certain lower bounds for the largest eigenvalue, we provide lower bounds for these expressions and, further, lower bounds for sin x and cos x on certain intervals. Also upper bounds can be obtained in this way.
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Consider the recursion g0 = a, g1 = b, gn = gn−1 + gn−2, n = 2, 3, . . . . We compute the Frobenius norm of the r-circulant matrix corresponding to g0, . . . , gn−1. We also give three lower bounds (with equality conditions) for the spectral norm of this matrix. For this purpose, we present three ways to estimate the spectral norm from below in general.
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