In this paper, we firstly introduce a special congruence relation U(μ, t) induced by a fuzzy ideal μ in a semigroup S. Then we define the lower and upper approximations based on a fuzzy ideal in semigroups. We can establish rough semigroups, rough ideals, rough prime ideals, rough fuzzy semigroups, rough fuzzy ideals and rough fuzzy prime ideals according to the definitions of rough sets and rough fuzzy sets. Furthermore, we shall consider the relationships among semigroups and rough semigroups, fuzzy semigroups and rough fuzzy semigroups, and some relative properties are also discussed.
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The γ*-relation defined on a general hyperring R is the smallest strongly regular relation such that the quotient R/γ* is a ring. In this note we consider a particular class of hyperrings, where we define a new equivalence, called [...] εm∗ $\varepsilon^{*}_{m} $, smaller than γ* and we prove it is the smallest strongly regular relation on such hyperrings such that the quotient R/ [...] εm∗ $\varepsilon^{*}_{m} $ is a ring. Moreover, we introduce the concept of m-idempotent hyperrings, show that they are a characterization for Krasner hyperfields, and that [...] εm∗ $\varepsilon^{*}_{m} $ is a new exhibition for γ* on the above mentioned subclass of m-idempotent hyperrings.
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In the context of the atomic poset, we propose several new methods of constructing the complete lattice and the algebraic lattice, and the mutual decision of relationship between atomic posets and complete lattices (algebraic lattices) is studied.
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In this paper, we define and study the hyper S-posets over an ordered semihypergroup in detail. We introduce the hyper version of a pseudoorder in a hyper S-poset, and give some related properties. In particular, we characterize the structure of factor hyper S-posets by pseudoorders. Furthermore, we introduce the concepts of order-congruences and strong order-congruences on a hyper S-poset A, and obtain the relationship between strong order-congruences and pseudoorders on A. We also characterize the (strong) order-congruences by the ρ-chains, where ρ is a (strong) congruence on A. Moreover, we give a method of constructing order-congruences, and prove that every hyper S-subposet B of a hyper S-poset A is a congruence class of one order-congruence on A if and only if B is convex. In the sequel, we give some homomorphism theorems of hyper S-posets, which are generalizations of similar results in S-posets and ordered semigroups.
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