A mathematical model of a 4-wheel skid-steering mobile robot is presented in a systematic way. The robot is considered as a subsystem consisting of kinematic, dynamic and drive levels. Next, a designing process of a kinematic controller based on the algorithm introduced by (Dixon et al., 2001) is shown. An extension of the kinematic control law at the dynamic and motor levels using the Lyapunov analysis and the backstepping technique is developed. To validate the designed algorithm, extensive simulation results for trajectory tracking and set-point cases are discussed. Some deliberations concerning the tuning of the controller are presented, too.
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This paper is devoted to the way point following motion task of a unicycle where the motion planning and the closed-loop motion realization stage are considered. The way point following task is determined by the user-defined sequence of waypoints which have to be passed by the unicycle with the assumed finite precision. This sequence will take the vehicle from the initial state to the target state in finite time. The motion planning strategy proposed in the paper does not involve any interpolation of way-points leading to simplified task description and its subsequent realization. The motion planning as well as the motion realization stage are based on the Vector-Field-Orientation (VFO) approach applied here to a new task. The unique features of the resultant VFO control system, namely, predictable vehicle transients, fast error convergence, vehicle directing effect together with very simple controller parametric synthesis, may prove to be useful in practically motivated motion tasks.
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