We introduce and investigate the well-posedness of a model describing the self-propelled motion of a small abstract swimmer in the 3-D incompressible fluid governed by the nonstationary Stokes equation, typically associated with low Reynolds numbers. It is assumed that the swimmer's body consists of finitely many subsequently connected parts, identified with the fluid they occupy, linked by rotational and elastic Hooke forces. Models like this are of interest in biological and engineering applications dealing with the study and design of propulsion systems in fluids.
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In this paper we discuss two closely related problems arising in environmental monitoring. The first is the source localization problem linked to the question How can one find an unknown "contamination source"? The second is an associated sensor placement problem: Where should we place sensors that are capable of providing the necessary "adequate data" for that? Our approach is based on some concepts and ideas developed in mathematical control theory of partial differential equations.
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