Finite-size fluctuations arising in the dynamics of competing populations may have dramatic influence on their fate. As an example, in this article, we investigate a model of three species which dominate each other in a cyclic manner. Although the deterministic approach predicts (neutrally) stable coexistence of all species, for any finite population size, the intrinsic stochasticity unavoidably causes the eventual extinction of two of them.
2
Dostęp do pełnego tekstu na zewnętrznej witrynie WWW
We consider a broad class of stochastic lattice predator-prey models whose main features are overviewed. In particular, this article aims at drawing a picture of the influence of spatial fluctuations, which are not accounted for by the deterministic rate equations, on the properties of the stochastic models. Here, we outline the robust scenario obeyed by most of the lattice predator-prey models with an interaction à la Lotka-Volterra. We also show how a drastically different behavior can emerge as the result of a subtle interplay between long-range interactions and a nearest-neighbor exchange process.
3
Dostęp do pełnego tekstu na zewnętrznej witrynie WWW
Nonequilibrium collective motion is ubiquitous in nature and often results in a rich collection of intriguing phenomena, such as the formation of shocks or patterns, subdiffusive kinetics, traffic jams, and nonequilibrium phase transitions. These stochastic many-body features characterize transport processes in biology, soft condensed matter and, possibly, also in nanoscience. Inspired by these applications, a wide class of lattice-gas models has recently been considered. Building on the celebrated totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) and a generalization accounting for the exchanges with a reservoir, we discuss the qualitative and quantitative nonequilibrium properties of these model systems. We specifically analyze the case of a dimeric lattice gas, the transport in the presence of pointwise disorder and along coupled tracks.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.