We prove a version of the local reflexivity theorem which is, in a sense, the most general one: our main theorem characterizes the conditions which can be imposed additionally on the usual local reflexivity map provided that these conditions are of a certain general type. It is then shown how known and new local reflexivity theorems can be derived. In particular, the compatibility of the local reflexivity map with subspaces and operators is investigated.
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Let O₁,...,Oₙ be open sets in C[0,1], the space of real-valued continuous functions on [0,1]. The product O₁ ⋯ Oₙ will in general not be open, and in order to understand when this can happen we study the following problem: given f₁,..., fₙ ∈ C[0,1], when is it true that f₁ ⋯ fₙ lies in the interior of $B_{ε}(f₁) ⋯ B_{ε}(fₙ)$ for all ε > 0 ? ($B_{ε}$ denotes the closed ball with radius ε and centre f.) The main result of this paper is a characterization in terms of the walk t ↦ γ(t): = (f₁(t),..., fₙ(t)) in ℝⁿ. It has to behave in a certain admissible way when approaching {x ∈ ℝⁿ | x₁ ⋯ xₙ = 0}. We will also show that in the case of complex-valued continuous functions on [0,1] products of open subsets are always open
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The paper begins with a self-contained and short development of Bárány's theorems of Carathéodory and Helly type in finite-dimensional spaces together with some new variants. In the second half the possible generalizations of these results to arbitrary Banach spaces are investigated. The Carathéodory-Bárány theorem has a counterpart in arbitrary dimensions under suitable uniform compactness or uniform boundedness conditions. The proper generalization of the Helly-Bárány theorem reads as follows: if $C_{n}$, n=1,2,..., are families of closed convex sets in a bounded subset of a separable Banach space X such that there exists a positive $ε_{0}$ with $⋂_{C ∈ C_{n}} (C)_{ε} = ∅$ for $ε < ε_{0}$, then there are $C_{n} ∈ C_{n}$ with $⋂_{n} (C_{n})_{ε} = ∅$ for all $ε < ε_{0}$; here $(C)_{ε}$ denotes the collection of all x with distance at most ε to C.
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A metric space (M,d) is said to have the small ball property (sbp) if for every ε₀ > 0 it is possible to write M as the union of a sequence (B(xₙ,rₙ)) of closed balls such that the rₙ are smaller than ε₀ and lim rₙ = 0. We study permanence properties and examples of sbp. The main results of this paper are the following: 1. Bounded convex closed sets in Banach spaces have sbp only if they are compact. 2. Precisely the finite-dimensional Banach spaces have sbp. (More generally: a complete metric group has sbp iff it is separable and locally compact.) 3. Let B be a boundary in the bidual of an infinite-dimensional Banach space. Then B does not have sbp. In particular the set of extreme points in the unit ball of an infinite-dimensional reflexive Banach space fails to have sbp.
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We prove an abstract selection theorem for set-valued mappings with compact convex values in a normed space. Some special cases of this result as well as its applications to separation theory and Hyers-Ulam stability of affine functions are also given.
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