We present a scheme for the theory of phase transitions in open dissipative systems, and show that its demands are fulfilled by quantum stochastic models of open systems, such as the laser.
Department of Physics, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, England
Bibliografia
[1] R. Graham and H. Haken, Z. Phys. 237 (1970), 31.
[2] H. Haken, Handbuch der Physik, Bd. XXV/2C, Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin, New York, 1970; and Rev. Mod. Phys. 47 (1975), 67.
[3] P. Glansdorff and I. Prigogine, Thermodynamic Theory of Structure, Stability and Fluctuations, Wiley-Interscience, London, New York, Sidney, Toronto, 1974.
[4] H. Fröhlich, Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2 (1968), 641.
[5] K. Hepp and E. H. Lieb, Helv. Phys. Acta 46 (1973), 573; and J. Moser (ed.), Dynamical Systems, Theory and Applications, Springer Lecture Notes in Physics 38, Springer, Heidelberg, New York, 1975, pp. 178-208.
[6] G. Alli and G. L. Sewell, J. Math. Phys. 36 (1995), 5598.
[7] F. Bagarello and G. L. Sewell, J. Math. Phys. 39 (1998), 2730.
[8] G. L. Sewell, Helv. Phys. Acta 67 (1994), 4; and Lett. Mat. Phys. 40 (1997), 203.
[9] N. G. Duffield, Phys. Lett. 110 A (1985), 332; and J. Phys. A 21 (1988), 625.
[10] D. Ruelle, Statistical Mechanics, W. A. Benjamin Inc., New York, 1969.
[11] G. G. Emch, Algebraic Methods in Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Field Theory, J. Wiley, New York, London, 1972.
[12] G. L. Sewell, Quantum Theory of Collective Phenomena, Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, Toronto, 1989.
[13] O. E. Lanford and D. Ruelle, Commun. Math. Phys. 13 (1969), 194.
[14] H. Callen, Thermodynamics and an Introduction to Thermostatistics, J. Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, 1985.
[15] D. Ruelle and F. Takens, Commun. Math. Phys. 20 (1971), 167.
[16] P. Vanheuverzwijn, Ann. Inst. H. Poincare A 29 (1978), 123; Erratum ibid 30 (1979), 83; and B. de Moen, P. Vanheuverzwijn and A. Verbeure, Rep. Math. Phys. 15 (1979) 27.
[17] L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Fluid Mechanics, Pergamon, Oxford, New York, Toronto, Sydney, Paris, 1984.