ArticleOriginal scientific text

Title

Normal numbers and subsets of N with given densities

Authors 1, 2

Affiliations

  1. Caltech 253-37, Pasadena, California 91125, U.S.A.
  2. Department of Mathematics, Willamette University, 900 State Street, Salem, Oregon 97301, U.S.A.

Abstract

For X ⊆ [0,1], let DX denote the collection of subsets of ℕ whose densities lie in X. Given the exact location of X in the Borel or difference hierarchy, we exhibit the exact location of DX. For α ≥ 3, X is properly Dξ(Π0_α) iff DX is properly Dξ(Π0_{1+α}). We also show that for every nonempty set X ⊆[0,1], DX is Π0_3-hard. For each nonempty Π0_2 set X ⊆ [0,1], in particular for X = {x}, DX is Π0_3-complete. For each n ≥ 2, the collection of real numbers that are normal or simply normal to base n is Π0_3-complete. Moreover, D, the subsets of ℕ with rational densities, is D2(Π0_3)-complete.

Bibliography

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  3. D. A. Martin, Borel determinacy, Ann. of Math. (2) 102 (1975), 363-371.
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Additional information

http://matwbn.icm.edu.pl/ksiazki/fm/fm144/fm14425.pdf

Pages:
163-179
Main language of publication
English
Received
1992-12-16
Accepted
1993-05-04
Published
1994
Exact and natural sciences